First coined in the 1960s by British sociologist Ruth GlassRuth, Glass, the term gentrification was used to study the movement of middle-class households into working-class neighborhoods in London, as well as to describe the postwar slum clearances in Inner London (Hamnett, 2003Hamnett, C; Lees & Ferreri, 2016Lees, L). Although the term evolved with time and is sometimes replaced by revitalization or regeneration, London’s gentrification has been the social and spatial manifestation of the transition from an industrial to a postindustrial economy based on financial, business, and creative services, with associated changes in the nature and location of work, the occupational class structure, earnings and incomes, and the structure of the housing market (Hamnett, 2003Hamnett, C). In urban studies, London is distinguishable from other places as one of a few cities in the world to have been so extensively documented in gentrification. After a slowdown by the 2008–2009 financial crisis, London has been gentrified more uniquely due to its cosmopolitanism as a global center for finance, services, culture, and knowledge (Butler & Hamnett, 2011Hamnett, C). This chapter reviewed London’s gentrification-related political, economic, and social processes as well as gentrification-induced residential, cultural, and educational changes historically and contemporarily. Through examining data sources of governmental and international organizations, this chapter investigated the characteristics and multifaceted consequences of London’s residential and commercial gentrification, with a particular focus on its impact on economically disadvantaged and socially marginalized populations and communities. Findings have demonstrated that gentrification in London has made the city increasingly unaffordable economically and divided socioculturally. The chapter concluded with a discussion on London’s urban past and future.