The progressing and exponentially growing world has witnessed major technological advancements to their benefit. However, these advancements have their own share of cons in this world, especially concerning environmental contamination. These contaminants or pollutants have been known to enter biological bodies and ecosystems and cause severe damage. This is evident by many facts; for example, according to WHO, in 2019, 99% of our population were living in areas where air quality was not at par with the prescribed safety levels, and pollution has led to over 6.5 million premature deaths globally. Apart from this, we also come across the previously presumed inert pollutant, plastics, entering living systems and the food chain. The world has recently been very active in the eradication of pollution as a whole to ensure a secure planet for the generations to come. Thus, various novel technologies are being researched and analysed. One of such is nanotechnology. With efficient sensing and monitoring being the crucial and foremost step in combating pollution, highly efficient nanobiosensors are in the talks. Nanobiosensors are built of materials that have unique and tailored properties to make them precise and highly efficient. With such devices already in place for diagnostic, medicine, and food safety purposes, nanobiosensors are seen as a resort in bringing about efficient environmental pollutant monitoring, and hence create enhanced alertness amongst the population. With varying types of components and functionalities, nanobiosensors might prove to be a way to a cleaner earth; yet, there do reside challenges in their success.