Emerging pollutants such as microplastics, nanomaterials, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, personal care products (PCPs), and medications seriously threaten the ecological systems around the world. Climate change can enhance these risks since it is associated with changed precipitation patterns, rising temperatures and more frequent temperate weather events. This study examines the sources of emerging pollutants, their behavior, and how climate change interacts to affect aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. It also discusses the consequences for ecosystem services, biodiversity, and human health under climate-changing circumstances.