Clean water is a fundamental requirement for the establishment of life and there is an ever-increasing demand for safe and pure water. Water pollution and water scarcity are two major challenges facing the mankind nowadays. These challenges may possibly persist or will get worst in upcoming periods due to immediate population growth, industrialization, improving life standards etc. Water pollution, often driven owing to the impact of recalcitrant organic substances and hazardous inorganic compounds, poses an ample threat to public health and the ecosystems that sustain us. Drinking water treatment is very critical as it ensures water is meeting the quality standards for human consumption by eliminating contaminants. The multi-step process of drinking water treatment is meticulously designed to target various pollutants and adhere to regulatory standards, ensuring the water meets quality requirements. This chapter mainly deals with the different novel processes for drinking water treatments and thus raises awareness about drinking water treatment techniques for ensuring public health and safety. This knowledge can also drive the adoption of advanced technologies and sustainable practices, leading to improved water quality and reduced health risks. Additionally, increased awareness can empower people to engage in local water management initiatives and contribute to maintaining safe and clean water sources.