Diabetes and obesity are among the most severe global health challenges of the twenty-first century, with significant implications for public health, healthcare systems, and international economies. A growing burden of associated complications, including cardiovascular diseases, renal failure, and diabetic retinopathy accompanies the escalating prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. These chronic conditions not only affect individuals across diverse demographics but also place a substantial strain on healthcare resources. In response to these challenges, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology with the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis, management, and prevention of diabetes and obesity. AI-driven solutions, such as predictive models, clinical decision support systems, and personalized treatment strategies, are already enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of care, improving patient outcomes, and facilitating earlier detection of complications. Moreover, AI-powered tools are playing a critical role in obesity management by enabling real-time monitoring, personalized interventions, and remote care through innovative platforms such as virtual assistants and wearable devices. However, the incorporation of AI in healthcare raises significant challenges, including data privacy concerns, algorithmic biases, and the need for standardization across healthcare systems. This chapter explores the current and future applications of AI in addressing the dual epidemic of diabetes and obesity, focusing on their potential to transform chronic disease management while addressing the ethical, societal, and logistical challenges that must be overcome to ensure equitable and effective implementation on a global scale.