Food safety is undeniably one of the major worldwide challenges, and in the present times gas sensors and e-nose systems are used to overcome this challenge as they are far less expensive, more efficient and easier to miniaturise as compared to other available options. As a result, real-time monitoring can be improved in food manufacturing and processing industry for the detection of toxicity and adulteration, by the use of such systems. However, in most cases we have observed that the devices or the technologies that are provided for the detection of toxicity and adulteration in food products, are not only expensive, but are way too far from the reach of the common household. Hence, under such situations it becomes immensely important to work with an aim to develop more efficient and cost-effective systems or device that can be used for the detection of toxicity and adulteration in food products, which at the same time is accessible to all parts of the society equally. The potential of Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS)-based e-nose systems as economical and effective substitutes for real-time food safety monitoring is examined in this chapter. The chapter is organised into four key sections. The basic ideas and workings of MOS gas sensors and e-nose systems are presented in the first section, emphasising how well suited they are for pollutant detection. The widespread problem of food adulteration is covered in the second section, which also describes how e-nose systems may detect different types of adulterants. Using MOS technology, the third portion suggests a revolutionary toxicity detection framework that is simple, inexpensive, and widely applicable. Future developments to improve e-nose systems’ sensitivity, selectivity, and usefulness in identifying a variety of pollutants in food and pharmaceutical goods are covered in the last section. By bridging the gap between advanced technologies and practical accessibility, this chapter lays the groundwork for developing innovative, low-cost solutions for food safety. It underscores the importance of democratising access to reliable detection systems, ensuring equitable food safety for all segments of society.