Optical techniques/probes are increasingly being used for the analysis and quality control of milk and products produced from milk. Optical techniques of antibiotic detection have been extensively used during the last twenty years due to their rapid exposure cycles for detection, high sensitivity, and simple procedure, which are mainly researched for water and food quality analysis. These optical detection methods are advantageous over conventional methods for the analysis of antibiotic residues in milk and milk products. Antibiotic residues are known as the remnants of antibiotics that remain in food commodities such as milk and dairy products after they have been used to treat cattle for various diseases or defects and to promote the growth of livestock. Major residues present in milk reported beta-lactam, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, sulphonamides and aminoglycosides. The presence of such residues poses significant health risks, making their detection and quantification paramount for ensuring food safety. Present optical analytic methods are rapid and have ease of detection. These advancements are important to maintain food safety by controlling the accumulation and transfer of antibiotics in the food chain. Considering the potential hazards of antibiotic residues and the necessity for optical detection methods, and possible advancements and expansions in the detection of antibiotic residues, this current chapter has been proposed.