This study estimates black carbon (BC) and its impact on ground-level ozone (O3) and air quality, crop yield, and human health. PM2.5 black carbon warms the atmosphere and accelerates O3 production where NOx and VOC are high. O3 affects human’s respiratory and cardiovascular systems and decreases crop production through negative impact on photosynthesis. For this study, an IAM that combines a chemical transport model for atmospheric chemistry, a yield response function for crops, and a dose response model for health is used. This IAM reproduces spatial and temporal BC emissions, O3 formation and its impact on crops and health particularly on wheat. An O3 index, AOT40 (Accumulated Ozone exposure Over a Threshold of 40 ppb) is used to assess O3 impact on yield reduction in wheat as yield decreases as O3 exposure increases. IAM simulations show that focusing on agricultural residue burning, diesel emissions and energy industry to reduce BC emissions can improve the situation and reduce O3 by 10–15% in high emission regions.