Millimeter Wave Bow Tie Antenna Designing and Optimization Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm for 5G and Beyond Networks
摘要
Nowadays, the initiation of the 5G and beyond wireless networks is creating a huge demand for high capabilities in the communication system that increases the high speed of millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies. However, the design of mmWave antennas carries the significant challenges which are constrained by the availability of suitable materials with those frequencies. Therefore, in this research we optimize a millimeter-wave (mmWave) bow-tie antenna (BTA) using a hybrid particle swarm optimization–genetic algorithm (PSGA) and integrate it with a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) via a microstrip feed to achieve broad bandwidth across multiple frequencies. Then to increase the gain of BTA antenna, the H-shaped MMs are integrated with 11.2 dB at 29.2 GHz. Then antenna was optimized by ensemble models of PSGA; it enhances antenna and improves diversity in designed antenna. From the results, the proposed PSGA achieved better results in terms of frequency with 28.3 GHz, Gain(G) of 32.3 dB and sidelobe level (SLL) with 16.8 dB, respectively.