Aquatic animal health regulations and policy are important for ensuring the sustainable development of aquaculture and meeting food security. Regulatory bodies, namely, the Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, and Marine Products Export Development Authority under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry and State Fisheries Departments, have a crucial role in developing and implementing policies related to surveillance of aquatic animal populations, quarantine measures, usage of aquaculture inputs, aquaculture biosecurity, health certification for imports and exports, and compliance with international trade regulations. In addition, the Indian Council of Agricultural Research under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education, the Government of India, and the Colleges of Fisheries in different states have been providing research support for issues concerning aquatic animal health. The existing regulations, including the Prevention and Control of Infectious and Contagious Diseases of Animal Act 2009, Livestock Importation Act 1898, Coastal Aquaculture Authority Act, 2005, etc., provide a framework for controlling the spread of diseases and regulating the importation and management of live animals and coastal aquaculture activities in a manner that protects aquatic animals. The ongoing National Surveillance Programme for Aquatic Animal Diseases has been informing the competent authority of the disease situation in the country, providing early warning of disease emergencies and strengthening international confidence in the aquatic animal health status of the country. Coordinated efforts of all the regulatory bodies and research organisations are important for strengthening the implementation of existing regulations and policies to prevent the introduction and control the spread of diseases affecting aquatic animals, thereby facilitating the aquatic animal trade.