Jazz in the Kitchen: The Special Case of Toronto
摘要
The Greater Toronto Area (GTA) is the minimum land area needed for analysis of the urban system. Including the neighboring communities of Hamilton, Kitchener-Waterloo, St. Catharines, Barrie, and Peterborough—often referred to as the Golden Horseshoe or Toronto Region—is important to enhance systems efficiencies and productivity. However, Toronto Region is a poorly governed, sprawling area with 34 transit agencies, more than 50 post-secondary campuses, and 106 local governments (with more than 1,000 municipal councilors, mayors, chairs, and wardens). Provincially and federally, Toronto Region is under-represented. Despite generating more than a quarter of Canada’s GDP, there is not a single professional or politician who speaks for the Toronto Region. The sum of the whole is less than the parts. The political football that is the Toronto Region is evident in its abysmal transportation sector (the most congested in North America, by far). Toronto Region is facing several issues more acutely than the rest of Canada: a rapidly rising foreign-born population; changes to work and travel patterns post-COVID; and the need to increase the Region’s productivity. Increasing Toronto Region’s productivity is not only important to residents, but all of Ontario and Canada need to get behind efforts to increase Toronto Region’s productivity. Arguably, an enhanced Toronto Region shifting to a sustainability mindset, along with Canada’s other four large urban areas, is also a global necessity.