The case of Rohingya statelessness in present-day Myanmar must be understood in a historical context. Rohingyas have become victims of ethnic politics in postcolonial Burma. Although the form and practices of excluding the Rohingya in Myanmar differ from the colonial-era practices, the underpinnings of the exclusionary policies and practices against the community evolved from the colonial era. Colonial policies and actions of demarcating borders and distinguishing communities based on their cultural attributes have become the basis for ethnic politics in most postcolonial states. This sociocultural border of difference-making happens in relation to the territorial borders inherited from colonial rule. The antagonizing attitudes of the Burmese and the Rakhine against the Rohingya is a remnant of the antagonistic sentiment against the Indian settlers that developed in the 1930s. Drawing on colonial policies, practices, and discourse of difference-making, postcolonial Burma/Myanmar, mainly since 1962, has portrayed the Rohingya as “outsiders” and pursued legalistic, bureaucratic, and violent means to make the Rohingya stateless. The Rohingya became the victims of these exclusionary postcolonial nation-building politics due to their cultural dissimilarity as a Muslim-majority community.