Nanotechnology has made significant strides in various sectors, revolutionizing and enhancing human life in numerous ways. Nanoparticle-based technology is at the forefront of this advancement, finding applications in medicine, energy, electronics, cosmetics, and food safety. The potential of nanotechnology for waste management and environmental protection is also becoming a major area of study. The idea of “green” technologies, stressing environmental safety and sustainability, is one of the important trends in this industry. There are a variety of methods for producing nanoparticles, but the trend toward green or biological synthesis has gained momentum. In comparison to traditional physical and chemical techniques, biological synthesis is more affordable, simpler to use, and environmentally and ethically safe. The manufacture of nanoparticles is made more economical and environmentally friendly by utilizing biowaste materials. Additionally, it supports efficient solid waste management, particularly in sectors like food and agriculture where large amounts of organic waste are produced. This chapter discusses the prospects and research priorities in the field of biological synthesis of nanoparticles from biowaste. The production of greener and biosynthesized metal, metal oxide, and metal sulfide nanoparticles using plant extracts is widely thought to benefit from the use of natural and biowaste resources. Green synthetic nanoparticles combined with different biotemplates offer novel useful composites for reducing environmental concerns.