Political economy of development takes one trajectory when it is closed-door and a different trajectory when it is open-door. As soon as the economy opens the door by mobility of inputs, the externalities enter that may constrain the functioning of the internally-planned economy. Be it democratic republic or an authoritarian regime, external factors are not readily adjusted with the internal system. The challenges that a sovereign country thus faces for its national economic development crop up from both internal and external factors. It seems the narrow canvas in which development is understood is economic growth that includes physical infrastructure and public expenditure on education and health. Our understanding is development is more than this for it has to include both material and humane conditions of living. A holistic approach, thus, is needed to assure people by their inclusion in the system that they are the cause of, and not the consequence of, development. It is beyond the scope of this paper to show the road map for such development other than opining that the trajectory has to rest on willing participation of the population in the working age.