The Future of Urban Kampung: Discourse Contestation, WASH Basic Services, and Social and Cultural Capital
摘要
This chapter examines the sustainability of urban kampung in the future. From the perspective of modernization, an urban kampung is known as a problematic, late-blooming area associated with slums. Their status has also generated problems that have led to inhabitants consistently facing potential eviction. On the other hand, urban kampung holds its history and cultural identities passed down through generations. Amid these situations, urban kampung inhabitants strive to fulfill their basic needs, which include water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH). This research applied mixed methods and triangulated quantitative data from the 2019 general survey we did on WASH conditions and qualitative data on the process of the kampung strategies to have better WASH access. A causal-layered analysis was conducted to understand how to transform the present condition into the urban kampung alternative future. The two urban kampungs for our research are Gedong Pompa in the Jakarta coastal area and Cikini Kramat in Central Jakarta. The findings show that the two kampungs have developed everyday tactics to expand their networks in the form of reproduction and exchange of social and cultural capital to the other related actors. Nevertheless, they can still maximize their social and cultural capital for a better WASH system in the long-term planning of their WASH commons.