The pulmonary manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are varied. Apart from extrapulmonary organ systems, several components of the lung (parenchyma, interstitium, vasculature, lymphatics and pleura) may be involved, together or in isolation. This chapter discusses the various diagnostic possibilities when patients with RA develop pulmonary consolidations, nodules, cystic changes or interstitial infiltrates. It also discusses the diagnostic possibilities in the specific clinical scenarios, such as when patients with normal chest x-rays acutely or subacutely develop dyspnoea.