This study examines the performance evaluation of reinforced soil walls, particularly focusing on the limit equilibrium approach and pseudo-dynamic analysis under uniform surcharge loading. It also delves into the comparison between the surcharge method and the equivalent height method which represents live load and dead load surcharges respectively, on reinforced soil wall. Employing a dedicated numerical algorithm, the study scrutinizes factors such as failure wedge angle, factor of safety and required reinforcement strength for \(c - \varphi\) backfill. Through a comprehensive parametric investigation encompassing seismic accelerations, amplification factors, cohesion, internal friction angle and surcharge loading, meaningful insights are unearthed. The study reveals fascinating trends, indicating that the cumulative tensile force in reinforcements ( \(\sum {T}_{i}\) ) reduces with an increase in internal friction angle ( \(\varphi\) ) but escalates with a higher horizontal seismic coefficient ( \({k}_{h}\) ), irrespective of surcharge. Moreover, it underscores the pivotal role of the amplification factor in seismic design, demanding higher reinforcement strength while potentially compromising internal stability. These findings offer valuable insights into reinforced soil wall behavior under varied loading conditions, thereby aiding in their design and performance enhancement during seismic events.