Dredged marine sediments, abundant in coastal regions, pose environmental concerns due to potential contamination and habitat disruption, necessitating careful management and disposal strategies to mitigate their impact. However, recent research has shown promising potential for repurposing dredged sediment as a viable, sustainable, and cost-effective alternative to traditional pavement materials. The study focuses on assessing the potential of dredged marine sediment to serve as pavement material by evaluating its California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value. Given the inherently low strength of marine sediment, a comparative investigation on amendments using a conventional stabilizer (slag cement) was also carried out. A series of tests, including particle size distribution, modified proctor compaction, and CBR test, were conducted on the dredged sediments from the local harbor as well as on sediments treated with different proportions (5%, 7.5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) of binder, under Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) conditions. The CBR test values revealed a significant increase in stabilizing the sediments with varying cement contents. When cement content was increased from 0 to 20%, a corresponding increase of 148.31% and 1415.99% in the CBR values was observed in unsoaked and soaked conditions, respectively. Furthermore, an analysis of flexible pavement was carried out using the IIT PAVE software by inputting CBR data for the cement-stabilized dredged sediments in association with the values taken from IRC37-2018. The pavement performance metrics, such as horizontal tensile and vertical compressive stress, were determined for the stabilized marine sediments. For pavements designed with samples under unsoaked conditions with 10% cement content, the thickness decreased from 565 to 530 mm. Whereas under soaked conditions, the thickness reduced to 530 mm from 595 mm at an optimum cement content of 5%, thus indicating stabilized marine sediments as pavement material can have a potential role in enhancing economy in pavement construction. The study has categorically established the potential of cement-treated dredged marine sediment as pavement material.