Climate change creates problems in agriculture, disrupts crop yields, and threatens global food security. Rising temperatures, erratic rainfall, and extreme weather events induce losses in staple crops like maize and wheat. Mitigation strategies in agriculture, crucial for climate change combat, include reducing greenhouse gas emissions through practices like conservation agriculture and efficient livestock management. Sustainable land management and carbon sequestration methods, such as agroforestry and afforestation, serve as carbon sinks, enhancing soil health and biodiversity while mitigating climate impacts. Adaptation strategies in agriculture include crop diversification, resilient varieties, improved water management, sustainable agroecological practices, and risk reduction through early warning systems. Enhancing biodiversity conservation in agriculture through agroecological approaches is crucial for climate resilience. Ecosystem-based adaptation strategies harness biodiversity to mitigate climate impacts. Integrating these strategies fosters climate-smart agriculture, balancing productivity with sustainability for future food security. Addressing socio-economic dimensions, advancing genomic technologies, and enhancing policy and governance are crucial for fostering climate-resilient agriculture. This present chapter focuses on the aspects of mitigation adoption strategies to impart climate resilience besides ensuring national food security and ecological biodiversity.