Resistance spot welding is widely utilized in industrial applications, particularly in the automotive and aerospace industries, due to its high quality and efficiency. This review paper provides a complete summary of the essential techniques and parameters that influence RSW. It digs into critical processes like Joule heating for energy production, nugget creation, and phase transitions. The impacts of welding current, electrode force, welding time, and weld quality are thoroughly explored. The paper also discusses the issues of welding high-quality materials such as steel and aluminum alloys, emphasizing the importance of clear visibility during the welding process in order to avoid defects such as spalling, voids, and fractures. Furthermore, the article investigates the significance of real-time process monitoring, variable control, and technological improvements in welding as viable avenues for producing consistent and high-quality welds. It emphasizes the important aspects that contribute to superior weld quality while also highlighting accomplishments and future research goals in the discipline.