The optimization of machine and crop parameters for removal of wheat straw from field is an important aspect of agricultural efficiency. Optimizing these parameters can greatly improve the harvesting process’s productivity, profitability and effectiveness. This paper designed Taguchi’s methodology-based experimental plan to optimize the machine crop parameters during wheat harvesting. Moisture content, forward speed, and cylinder speed were selected as input parameters, whereas field capacity, fuel consumption, and straw split were selected as response parameters. ANOVA was performed to obtain the most significant parameter during machine operation. The results revealed that the forward speed, moisture content, and cylinder speed significantly influenced field capacity, while the moisture content, forward speed, and cylinder speed primarily affected fuel consumption. The results demonstrated that the moisture content has the highest contribution to the combined straw split performance, followed by cylinder speed and forward speed.