Blockchain, the backbone of cryptocurrency, has been increasingly plagued by attacks, e.g., ransomware, malware, phishing, and Ponzi Schemes. Cryptocurrency market has become a breeding ground for many crimes such as ransomware, phishing, darknet market, money laundering, CSAM (child sexual abuse material), etc., chiefly because of its privilege of anonymity. This paper presents a systematic survey of phishing detection mechanisms in blockchain systems. The paper focuses on: (1) summarizing current challenges, (2) presenting an overview of current approaches, (3) analyzing important features of classification for phishing detection, (4) comparing existing works The study reveals that all existing methods have their own limitations and therefore the field is open for further research.