In recent years, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain technologies has shown huge potential to address important challenges in agriculture. This chapter discusses the transformative impact of AI-based blockchain solutions on smart agriculture, focusing on their role in optimizing resource management, enhancing supply chain transparency, and promoting sustainable practices. AI algorithms, powered by machine learning and predictive analytics, enable precise monitoring of soil conditions, crop health, and weather patterns. When integrated with blockchain, these AI-driven insights can be securely recorded and shared across the agricultural ecosystem. Blockchain technology ensures immutable data records, facilitating trust among users such as farmers, distributors, retailers, and consumers. Note that few key benefits of AI-based blockchain solutions include real-time traceability of food products, from farm to fork, which enhances food safety and quality assurance. Smart contracts deployed on blockchain automate transactions and streamline payments, reducing inefficiencies and disputes in agricultural markets. Moreover, by using AI to analyze large datasets collected from IoT sensors and drones, farmers can make data-driven decisions to optimize yields while minimizing environmental impact. Blockchain’s decentralized nature protects sensitive agricultural data from tampering and unauthorized access, making greater data security and privacy. In the last, this chapter reviews current applications and case studies where AI and blockchain have been successfully deployed in agriculture, highlighting challenges and future research directions.