The evolution of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) has transformed global learning accessibility. This paper presents a comparative analysis of four major MOOC platforms-Coursera, Udemy, Udacity, and EdX by focusing on AI-enhanced adaptive learning and student engagement. The study evaluates these platforms based on two criteria: user metrics, including traffic, student profiles, and engagement, as well as platform popularity, examining factors such as time spent, mobile app ratings, course catalog, partnerships, and foreign language support. The methodology involves quantitative analysis using platform-specific data and qualitative insights from user reviews, web analytics, and mobile app ratings. The major findings indicate that Coursera and Udacity are best in personalized learning paths, while Udemy is best in accessibility and content diversity. The objective is to identify which platform will provide the most efficient and engaging learning opportunities in 2024. It explores how gamification, peer-to-peer learning elements, and real-time feedback systems could be incorporated to enhance students’ happiness and retention. The research is targeted at discovering trends that will enable the platforms to address the diversified needs of students in 2024. The examination is focused on changes in the platforms, emerging trends, and how sophisticated AI technologies impact individualized learning trajectories.