As globalization and technological advancements continue to accelerate, the logistics industry is experiencing rapid development and transformation. This dynamic landscape underscores the growing importance of collaboration between railway network operators and multimodal transport operators. Such partnerships are becoming vital in harnessing the full potential of integrated transportation networks to meet the increasing demands of global trade and commerce. This paper utilizes evolutionary game theory to construct a mathematical model for analyzing the strategic choices of these operators under varying economic benefits and cost inputs. The results indicate that cooperative behaviors are influenced by excess profits, cost investments, and initial willingness to cooperate. Additionally, creating favorable economic incentives and reducing transaction costs prove crucial for fostering sustained cooperation. These findings not only provide theoretical support for decision-making among railway network operators and multimodal transport operators but also offer practical guidance for strategists within the logistics sector.