Based on the unique physical and chemical properties and mineralization of red mud, the comprehensive utilization of red mud mainly includes the following three aspects: first, the extraction and recovery of valuable metals; second, the preparation of building materials; and third, the use of red mud adsorbents for wastewater purification. Although there are many studies and applications related to red mud, the above research on red mud can only consume a very small part of red mud, which is a drop in the bucket compared to the annual output of hundreds of millions of tons of red mud. The physical properties and composition of red mud are similar to soil, which is a special soil with a high alkalinity. Applying red mud to road engineering, after modifying and solidifying red mud using additives, it can be used for road subgrade filling materials and base layers, which opens up an effective way for the comprehensive utilization of red mud and is also the focus of large-scale treatment of bulk industrial solid waste such as red mud.