Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the significant global health problems, causing acute hepatitis with the potential for severe outcomes such as fulminant liver failure, particularly in pregnant women and individuals with underlying liver diseases. HEV exhibits genetic diversity, comprising four main genotypes with varying host ranges and transmission dynamics. Genotypes 1a and 2a are primarily human-restricted, while genotypes 3a and 4a circulate among animals like pigs, leading to zoonotic infections in humans. The epidemiology of HEV is complex, with waterborne transmission being a major route in developing regions and zoonotic transmission playing a significant role in developed nations. Recent evidence suggests a broader host range for HEV, including wildlife such as deer, bears, and camels, raising concerns about inter-species transmission and food safety. Transmission of HEV through blood transfusions and food products, especially undercooked or raw meat from infected animals, underscores the importance of robust surveillance and preventive measures. Control strategies focus on thorough cooking of meat, improved screening of blood donors, and enhancing food safety practices. Understanding the virology, genotypic variations, epidemiological patterns, zoonotic potentials, and transmission dynamics of HEV is crucial for developing targeted interventions and control strategies to reduce the burden of HEV-related diseases globally.