The ratio of Vocational Education to General Education in upper secondary schools has long been a significant and widely discussed topic in China. Analyzing the global ratios and the underlying factors that influence them through international comparisons can provide valuable insights for local practices. Globally, the proportion of upper secondary students enrolled in vocational education is approximately 22%, with regional and national disparities in this proportion are gradually narrowing. The similarities and differences observed across countries reflect the logic of these influencing factors. Economic and cultural factors together create a macro framework that shapes this proportion, with each factor being interdependent on the other. The contradictions between cultural constraints on the proportion and economic demands for it can be mitigated through thoughtful institutional design. Additionally, resource-related factors play a crucial role in ensuring the proportion, as they are collectively influenced by economic, cultural, and institutional elements. In light of this, different regions in China could establish an appropriate ratio of Vocational Education to General Education in upper secondary schools based on local economic structures and societal needs. This ratio should be supported by institutional design and resource allocation to ensure effective implementation.