The liver is one of the most essential organs in the human body and the only organ with a capacity for regeneration. In homeostasis, most hepatocytes are in a highly differentiated state with weak proliferative capacity. In recent years, studies have shown that apart from factors such as partial hepatectomy, liver injuries, or liver transplantation, ALPPS can also enhance rapid liver regeneration, enabling the future liver remnant (FLR) to regenerate rapidly to its primary weight and volume to maintain the optimal liver weight-to-body weight ratio in the body [1–3]. Currently, the mechanisms underlying liver regeneration induced by ALPPS surgery are not fully understood, and this chapter will introduce its mechanisms and characteristics by combining other liver regeneration methods for comparison.