This research focuses on enhancing the architecture of a digital bond trading contract system to improve both performance and security. The study explores the application of blockchain technology in transforming bond trading contracts into a digital ecosystem. A comparative analysis is conducted between the proposed system and a traditional single-chain identification digital bond trading system. The key enhancements introduced in the system involve the implementation of an optimised Merkle hash tree to enhance data sharing and transaction speed. Additionally, a simulated digital bond trading process is designed to achieve higher throughput. Through performance testing, the research identifies a significant throughput advantage in the proposed system when processing a large number of transactions compared to the traditional system. Furthermore, the study includes a comprehensive security test, demonstrating that the system exhibits higher resilience against potential attacks, thereby reducing the probability of successful attacks. The optimisation of the digital bond trading contract system’s architecture based on blockchain technology, as proposed in this research, excels in both performance and security aspects. The findings provide robust support for the advancement of the digital bond trading field.