Blockchain technology has emerged as a transformative tool across various industries, with healthcare standing to gain significantly from its privacy, security and decentralization features. Despite advancements in Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems, challenges related to data security, integrity, and management persist. One of the key limitations of blockchain adoption in healthcare is scalability, as traditional ledger structures and consensus mechanisms can lead to inefficiencies. To address this, blockchain sharding offers a viable solution by dividing the network into smaller, parallel-processing groups, enhancing transaction speed and overall system performance. This paper proposes a decentralized, scalable sharding model tailored for healthcare data management. By leveraging a sharding-based approach, our framework ensures efficient handling of large volumes of medical records while maintaining high transaction speeds. Additionally, we explore how blockchain can enhance EHR systems, providing a secure, transparent, and patient-centric data storage model. Our proposed framework integrates blockchain-based access control mechanisms, ensuring that only authorized users can retrieve and manage sensitive medical data. This approach presents a promising solution to blockchain-based healthcare applications’ scalability and security challenges.