Countermeasures to Climate Insecurity of Asia-Pacific Island Countries: Out-Migration and Adaptation Options
摘要
This chapter explores the challenges and dynamics associated with climate-induced migration from small island developing states (SIDS), focusing on atoll nations facing sea-level rise. Drawing upon existing studies, as well as evaluative evidence from on-the-ground initiatives, the chapter scrutinizes possible means to maintain peace and security in Pacific and Indian Ocean SIDS by enhancing their resilience to climate-induced risks and by nurturing sustainable resource management policies and practices. While migration is seen as an adaptation strategy, it presents risks and insecurities, necessitating enhanced attention to climate change adaptation. The study evaluates various adaptive measures, emphasizing the need for sustainable solutions to retain population and territory. It also examines the role of international organizations, particularly the Global Environment Facility (GEF), in supporting SIDS in building resilience and implementing integrated environmental management approaches. Two case studies—of the Marshallese in the United States and the I-Kiribati in Fiji—are presented to contextualize the arguments. The paper introduces the concept of the ‘Migration with Dignity’ Framework, rooted in existing human rights principles, as a comprehensive approach to address climate-induced migration challenges. The findings highlight the importance of considering the right to stay and propose recommendations for sustainable development, resilience-building, and supportive measures for climate migrants.