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The landing gear system is vital for safe aircraft operations, yet a significant number of structural failures stem from landing gear malfunctions. Designed meticulously to withstand compressive, drag, and side loads, it operates as a unified structure, prioritizing equal consideration for all forces. This holistic approach ensures the necessary strength and resilience to handle diverse loads. Precision engineering during landing minimizes frame load through efficient impact energy absorption. While lip spring systems suffice for smaller planes, heavier aircraft benefit from oleo-pneumatic gear for superior shock absorption, energy dissipation, and ground stability. This study aims to comprehensively assess the structural safety of a standard landing gear assembly, including the oleo-pneumatic strut cylinder. The goal is to optimize material selection and evaluate the factor of safety using stress analysis with ANSYS 22 (R1). The landing gear assembly was initially designed using SolidWorks, a 3D modeling software, and then imported into ANSYS for stress analysis. The factor of safety was evaluated for various traditional metallic materials and composites, including Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Zr-2Mo, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, Chromoly steel 4340, and S-Glass Fiber composite using ANSYS. Stress analysis within ANSYS 2022 R1 revealed that Chromoly 4340 and S-Glass Fiber composite exhibited the highest factor of safety. This finding supports the recommendation of low carbon steels and composites to mitigate the risk of structural failures in the landing gear system. While titanium alloys possess desirable characteristics for landing gear applications, such as a high strength-to-weight ratio, excellent fatigue resistance, and durability, this study suggests that Chromoly 4340 and S-Glass Fiber composite may offer superior safety margins. Incorporating these materials into the landing gear system could potentially reduce the likelihood of structural failures during demanding operational conditions while making the aircraft more fuel-efficient.

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Structural Evaluation and Design Optimization of Oleo-pneumatic Landing Gear Through Finite Element Analysis

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Anuj Gupta,
  • Samavedam Aditya Sai,
  • Lokavarapu Bhaskara Rao

摘要

The landing gear system is vital for safe aircraft operations, yet a significant number of structural failures stem from landing gear malfunctions. Designed meticulously to withstand compressive, drag, and side loads, it operates as a unified structure, prioritizing equal consideration for all forces. This holistic approach ensures the necessary strength and resilience to handle diverse loads. Precision engineering during landing minimizes frame load through efficient impact energy absorption. While lip spring systems suffice for smaller planes, heavier aircraft benefit from oleo-pneumatic gear for superior shock absorption, energy dissipation, and ground stability. This study aims to comprehensively assess the structural safety of a standard landing gear assembly, including the oleo-pneumatic strut cylinder. The goal is to optimize material selection and evaluate the factor of safety using stress analysis with ANSYS 22 (R1). The landing gear assembly was initially designed using SolidWorks, a 3D modeling software, and then imported into ANSYS for stress analysis. The factor of safety was evaluated for various traditional metallic materials and composites, including Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Zr-2Mo, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, Chromoly steel 4340, and S-Glass Fiber composite using ANSYS. Stress analysis within ANSYS 2022 R1 revealed that Chromoly 4340 and S-Glass Fiber composite exhibited the highest factor of safety. This finding supports the recommendation of low carbon steels and composites to mitigate the risk of structural failures in the landing gear system. While titanium alloys possess desirable characteristics for landing gear applications, such as a high strength-to-weight ratio, excellent fatigue resistance, and durability, this study suggests that Chromoly 4340 and S-Glass Fiber composite may offer superior safety margins. Incorporating these materials into the landing gear system could potentially reduce the likelihood of structural failures during demanding operational conditions while making the aircraft more fuel-efficient.