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Short RNA molecules known as microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial function in regulating gene expression after transcription. They do not code for proteins. They are necessary for plants to develop and react to stress. miRNAs are crucial for regulating many physiological processes, including development, growth, and stress tolerance in sugarcane plants, a polyploid crop of great agricultural significance. Due to their capacity to regulate gene expression in reaction to both living and non-living factors, miRNAs show potential as valuable candidates for enhancing sugarcane through breeding initiatives. Recent studies have emphasized the significance of some miRNAs in regulating characteristics such as sucrose accumulation, biomass yield, and resistance to illnesses and environmental challenges. Specifically, particular miRNAs have been identified to selectively regulate genes that play a role in carbohydrate metabolism, thereby directly influencing the sugar content, which is a crucial characteristic in the process of breeding sugarcane. Others control genes that provide resistance to pathogens and unfavourable environmental circumstances, such as drought and salinity. Integrating miRNAs into sugarcane breeding programs is a new method for improving crop performance. Breeders can enhance sugarcane cultivars by finding and altering miRNAs linked to favourable characteristics, resulting in increased yield, better sugar content, and enhanced resistance to various pressures. Biotechnological methods, such as gene editing and miRNA-based genetic engineering, can be utilized to make exact adjustments in miRNA expression, resulting in specific enhancements in sugarcane. Although there is great potential, there are still obstacles to completely comprehending the intricate regulatory networks that involve miRNAs and their interactions with other genetic components. Future research should prioritize the investigation of these networks and the development of efficient ways for manipulating miRNAs. This is crucial for the successful incorporation of miRNAs into sugarcane breeding programs.

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MicroRNAs: Small RNAs with a Big Role in Sugarcane Development and Breeding

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Garima Pathak,
  • Nidhi,
  • Ao-Mei Li

摘要

Short RNA molecules known as microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial function in regulating gene expression after transcription. They do not code for proteins. They are necessary for plants to develop and react to stress. miRNAs are crucial for regulating many physiological processes, including development, growth, and stress tolerance in sugarcane plants, a polyploid crop of great agricultural significance. Due to their capacity to regulate gene expression in reaction to both living and non-living factors, miRNAs show potential as valuable candidates for enhancing sugarcane through breeding initiatives. Recent studies have emphasized the significance of some miRNAs in regulating characteristics such as sucrose accumulation, biomass yield, and resistance to illnesses and environmental challenges. Specifically, particular miRNAs have been identified to selectively regulate genes that play a role in carbohydrate metabolism, thereby directly influencing the sugar content, which is a crucial characteristic in the process of breeding sugarcane. Others control genes that provide resistance to pathogens and unfavourable environmental circumstances, such as drought and salinity. Integrating miRNAs into sugarcane breeding programs is a new method for improving crop performance. Breeders can enhance sugarcane cultivars by finding and altering miRNAs linked to favourable characteristics, resulting in increased yield, better sugar content, and enhanced resistance to various pressures. Biotechnological methods, such as gene editing and miRNA-based genetic engineering, can be utilized to make exact adjustments in miRNA expression, resulting in specific enhancements in sugarcane. Although there is great potential, there are still obstacles to completely comprehending the intricate regulatory networks that involve miRNAs and their interactions with other genetic components. Future research should prioritize the investigation of these networks and the development of efficient ways for manipulating miRNAs. This is crucial for the successful incorporation of miRNAs into sugarcane breeding programs.