Solid waste encompasses any discarded or intended-for-disposal material that is not in liquid form. It includes a diverse array of materials originating from various sources, such as residential garbage, manufacturing by-products, building rubble, farming refuse, among others. The primary objective of solid waste management is to facilitate energy generation through effective treatment processes. Treatment methods not only decrease the amount of waste but also prepare it for subsequent processes such as incineration, verification, and disposal. Notably, disposal practices can yield valuable by-products, such as farmyard manure enriched with essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK). Solid waste can be categorized based on its source and characteristics, and it poses environmental and health challenges if not managed properly. Effective management includes strategies for reduction, reuse, recycling, and safe disposal. The use of municipal solid waste (MSW) as a means to generate free energy has become increasingly popular as part of the shift toward waste-to-energy solutions. The type of waste generated depends on several factors, such as the climate and the eating habits of people in a particular area. Consequently, identifying an appropriate technique for converting solid waste into energy, along with exploring alternative methods, represents a crucial step in this process. This chapter explores the current state of solid waste management in India, focusing on energy generation through various technologies. It aims to contribute to the Clean India Mission (CIM) and serve as a valuable resource for new readers and researchers in the field, promoting sustainable practices and innovations in waste management.