Global energy demand is rising, while the decline of nonrenewable energy sources is imminent. This has driven research efforts to focus on solutions that involve devices powered by alternative fuels, aimed at both reducing global energy demand and minimizing the environmental impact. Various energy storage systems have been proposed as potential solutions, enabling the use of diverse fuel sources with technologies designed to maximize energy extraction. The most common systems are batteries, solar panels, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. Fuel cells are particularly interesting in this chapter, as they can achieve greater energy efficiency than conventional combustion engines by directly converting chemical energy into electrical energy. However, to commercialize fuel cells, several challenges must be addressed, particularly concerning the stability of their components. The energy generation process using different fuels requires specific reaction conditions, with electrocatalysis playing a critical role. This chapter explores recent advancements in the development of electrocatalysts, focusing on platinum-based catalysts. These catalysts are currently commercially viable and exhibit high catalytic activity and selectivity. This chapter explores the advances related to the development of electrocatalysts, focusing on the use of platinum-based catalysts since they are currently at a commercial level and have shown to have high catalytic activity and selectivity, understanding their mechanism and surface deactivation as well as establishing the alternatives that have been proposed to improve the energy conversion processes from the use of fuel cells.