The increasing concern regarding climate change and the necessity to address global warming have underscored the importance of ensuring the sustainability of diesel engines. Numerous nations have committed to achieving carbon neutrality within the next three decades, leading to a global surge in interest in electric vehicles and prompting discussions concerning the future of diesel technology. Emerging combustion approaches, such as homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI), and reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI), are currently being evaluated as potential solutions for enhancing diesel technology. This chapter will elucidate the promising results of implementing these methods using low-carbon fuels. This chapter examines the emergence of alcohols and hydrogen as environmentally sustainable and viable fuels for internal combustion engines (ICE). Hydrogen combustion exhibits unique three-stage combustion in H2-diesel mixture. A significant drop in CO and CO2 emissions is noticed with hydrogen combustion. The use of alcohols in diesel engines reported a decrease in soot emissions. The present chapter discusses these fuel properties and their various applications. This review also provides a detailed explanation of the diverse methods for implementing low-temperature combustion (LTC) in diesel engines, along with their respective advantages and disadvantages. This chapter offers a comprehensive description of the combustion of various alcohols and hydrogen, and the co-combustion of hydrogen with other fuels. It also analyzes their behavior in the low-temperature combustion (LTC) mode. This chapter examines the advantages and limitations of utilizing hydrogen and alcohols as fuels, as well as the challenges associated with employing them in the low-temperature combustion (LTC) mode. The latter portion of this chapter explores the potential of using alcohols and hydrogen as fuels in LTC.