This paper investigates farmers’ indigenous and scientific flood adaptation strategies for maximizing crop production in floodplains. A total of two focus group discussions were held in Pwalugu and Kpasenkpe, both in northern Ghana, to collect qualitative data for the study. Express Scribe Transcription Software was used to transcribe the interviews. The transcripts were coded and analyzed using the qualitative data analysis software MaxQDA. Farmers produce food crops in floodplains by taking advantage of flood benefits, such as replenishing soil fertility and retaining groundwater. Floods, on the other hand, shorten the period between cultivation and harvest, requiring farmers to implement indigenous and scientific flood adaptation strategies that enhance production of food crops. Scientific flood adaptation strategies adopted by farmers include supplementary irrigation, early maturity varieties, and water-saving/water-harvesting technologies, and scientific weather information received from organizations. Also, indigenous practices such as farming on multiple plots, diversifying crops, changing crops and planting dates, and reading weather based on beliefs are used by farmers. Policies that integrate indigenous customs with scientific adaptation strategies are needed to help farmers meet floodplain production deadlines. Further, easy access to weather forecasting information, energy-efficient irrigation technologies, and early maturity cultivars should be provided to farmers. Esoko and Ghana Meteorological Agency should be resourced to provide weather information to farmers in flood-prone communities.