Quality assurance in Vietnamese higher education was officially established at the national level in 2003, with human resource development playing a pivotal role in the system’s 20-year evolution. This chapter presents the achievements, challenges, and future directions of human resource development within Vietnam’s higher education quality assurance system of Vietnam’s higher education, with a particular focus on the past five years. The chapter begins by discussing the legal framework governing the organization and personnel involved in quality assurance in Vietnam, including those at educational institutions, state agencies, and accreditation organizations. The chapter then explores the roles and contributions of policymakers in quality assurance, specifically Government officials within the Ministry of Education and Training. The third part analyzes the current situation of human resources working in internal quality assurance units of higher education institutions, along with the standards and procedures for training education quality accreditors in Vietnam. The chapter concludes by evaluating the developmental orientations of quality assurance human resources essential to sustaining and advancing Vietnam’s higher education quality assurance system.