Sustainability has become a new norm in today’s era. Different industries are striving to adopt sustainable practices across the value chain. In the textile and fashion industry, efforts are being made to lessen the environmental impact of materials, processes, and machinery. Many brands and designers are looking back to the textile legacy of India to derive sustainability norms and adapt as deemed suitable. Traditional textiles of India represent an amalgamation of artisanal skills with locally available resources executed using traditional tools and techniques with care. The rich Indian textiles have been bestowed with various techniques such as hand printing and painting, hand embroidery, dyeing, applique, patchwork, weaving, etc. The beauty of natural and organic materials is timeless. Cotton shines in khaddar, Chamba rumal, and Phulkari. Wool enhances Kashmiri shawls and carpets. Silk graces chanderi and baluchari. All these showcase the essence of sustainable craftsmanship. This chapter explores the sustainable practices and material handling techniques inherent in the traditional textiles of India, highlighting how these traditional methods contribute to environmental conservation and cultural preservation. This chapter focuses on the critical first step in sustainable handling: the sourcing of raw materials and their identification.