A Comparative Visual Analysis of the Ornamentation Styles of Kachari Monoliths Found in Northeast India
摘要
Assam, a part of the northeastern region of India, has a rich history, shaped by diverse ruling kingdoms who fostered a rich tapestry of cultural heritage that laid the foundation for Assam's unique traditions, arts, and social structures. In the medieval period between the 10th and 18th centuries CE, the Kachari Kingdom emerged as one of the most powerful kingdoms in undivided Assam. Although the Kachari kingdom flourished in art and architecture, very few monumental remains can be seen at present. The Kachari Kingdom’s ruins in Rajbari, Dimapur (formerly part of undivided Assam, presently a city in the state of Nagaland, India) and Kasomari Pathar in Assam date back to the 10th and 13th centuries, respectively, are a testimony to their art, architecture and culture. These two ancient sites exhibit stone monoliths that are distinct as compared to other monoliths found in the region of northeast owing to their uniquely carved structural forms and embellishment styles. Multiple perspectives have been discussed and argued by historians and archaeologists on the establishment of such monoliths. However, a comprehensive study on the visual language in establishing visual identity is rarely to be found. A pilot study was conducted in the two sites of Dimapur and Kasomari to compare and categorize the ornamental styles that paved the way for further research. The intent of this study is more inclined towards studying the visual design imprinted in these stone monoliths. The visual and descriptive methodologies investigate recurring decorative motifs or patterns, indicative of a specific artistic style or cultural influence. This paper is an attempt to explore and document the design language depicted in the stone monoliths thereby providing a substantial contribution in establishing the visual identity and preservation of Kachari community’s traditional artistic styles that reflect their art and culture.