Heavy metal contamination of soil is a prevalent problem driven by the surface treatment, mining industry and negligent dumping of waste in landfills. Nanosensors with enhanced sensitivity, simplicity and selectivity accessibility of use are utilized extensively in environmental monitoring for heavy metal detection. A vital tool for monitoring environmental pollutants, the presence of various toxins and bio hazardous microbes in organic matter, biosensors are real-time sensors that can physically monitor soil health, soil moisture content and temperature as well as sense the microenvironment and nutrient status of soil. These nanosensors enable prior information, accurate, quick and fast that helps mitigate and predict crop losses in agro ecosystems. This chapter covers the recent development in the nanosensors field to detect the heavy metals in soil and explores the different types of biosensors that are used to identify and treat the heavy metal pollution of soil. Certain heavy metal elements are required in trace amounts for physiochemical processes in plants but can cause pollution at higher concentrations. Pollution of metal elements is the main reason to increased accumulation in plants through absorption by roots. Nanosensors including electrochemical, optical and biosensors along can be integrated with latest and advanced technologies as AI and machine learning for effective monitoring. Around the world, agriculture is the primary and main source of food, revenue and employment for mankind. Utilizing biosensors or nanosensors has been shown to accelerate agricultural productivity and make way for precision agriculture.