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The proposed mmWave MIMO lens antenna architecture provides an attractive solution to meet the high capacity backhaul requirements for NTNs in 6G. The next frontier for wireless communications is to provide high-speed and reliable connectivity for aerial and space networks through integrated satellite and terrestrial links. However, high isotropic path loss and intermittent connectivity pose challenges. This paper proposes the use of millimeter-wave (mmWave) MIMO lens antennas to provide efficient wireless backhaul links for non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) in 6G. The key idea is to exploit the focusing properties of lens antennas to achieve spatial multiplexing gains even with reduced form factor arrays. We present a system architecture using 3D printed gradient-index lens antennas for multi-beam transmission to multiple NTN nodes simultaneously using the same time-frequency resources. A joint precoding approach is developed to exploit the spatial separation between NTN nodes. Simulation results confirm significant gains in spectral efficiency, resilience to blockage, and low complexity beamsteering compared to conventional mmWave MIMO. The proposed mmWave MIMO lens antenna architecture provides an attractive solution to meet the high capacity backhaul requirements for NTNs in 6G.

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Millimeter-Wave MIMO Lens Antennas for Non-Terrestrial Networks in 6G

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Jie Wang,
  • Xi Meng,
  • Bingxin Wang,
  • Yang Li

摘要

The proposed mmWave MIMO lens antenna architecture provides an attractive solution to meet the high capacity backhaul requirements for NTNs in 6G. The next frontier for wireless communications is to provide high-speed and reliable connectivity for aerial and space networks through integrated satellite and terrestrial links. However, high isotropic path loss and intermittent connectivity pose challenges. This paper proposes the use of millimeter-wave (mmWave) MIMO lens antennas to provide efficient wireless backhaul links for non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) in 6G. The key idea is to exploit the focusing properties of lens antennas to achieve spatial multiplexing gains even with reduced form factor arrays. We present a system architecture using 3D printed gradient-index lens antennas for multi-beam transmission to multiple NTN nodes simultaneously using the same time-frequency resources. A joint precoding approach is developed to exploit the spatial separation between NTN nodes. Simulation results confirm significant gains in spectral efficiency, resilience to blockage, and low complexity beamsteering compared to conventional mmWave MIMO. The proposed mmWave MIMO lens antenna architecture provides an attractive solution to meet the high capacity backhaul requirements for NTNs in 6G.