In the context of global energy transformation and growing environmental concerns, the new – energy vehicle industry is witnessing a remarkable boom. This growth is a direct response to the urgent need for a more sustainable and low – emission transportation solution. Nevertheless, the safety of the power – battery system has become a crucial factor that significantly restricts the further development of new – energy vehicles. Based on the current development trends of new – energy vehicles, this article conducts an in – depth analysis of the safety risks related to the power – battery system at each stage of its operation. Subsequently, it proposes a systematic safety – strategy framework. This framework encompasses meticulous lithium – ion battery selection and design, continuous monitoring of potential risks, prompt response to thermal runaway, strict control over the spread of thermal runaway, effective fire – emergency management, and thorough accident investigation. Simultaneously, the article comprehensively anticipates the future technological innovation and development trends in the field of battery safety. The ultimate aim is to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for enhancing the safety of new – energy vehicles, thereby promoting the sustainable development of the entire industry.