In recent years, with the rapid development of urban rail transit networks across the country and the intensive development of urban underground spaces along metro lines, there have been multiple incidents of significant convergence and settlement deformations in subway tunnels. These incidents affect the safety of tunnel structures and the normal operation of trains. Large deformations in tunnels often lead to a series of significant issues, primarily manifesting as the opening of longitudinal joints on both sides of concrete segment crown blocks (through joints), through-cracks at the top (staggered joints), water seepage at both springlines, and the separation and opening of lining rings and longitudinal joints. Such deformations may even result in damage to the track bed or track misalignment, often accompanied by damage and fragmentation of the concrete segments. Over time, this damage tends to worsen, eventually leading to the instability and failure of the tunnel structures, posing a risk to subway operational safety. Therefore, technical measures are essential for waterproofing and the comprehensive reinforcement of the damaged tunnels.