This study conducts a bibliometric analysis and detailed examination of the corporate governance and corporate social responsibility (CG-CSR) literature, focusing on significant trends, the intellectual structure of CG-CSR research, and the development of scientific knowledge from 2003 to 2022. Examining 1287 publications, we identify contemporary dynamics, core themes, and emerging trends. Our research highlights influential works, geographical contributions, prevalent keywords, and knowledge foundations. We developed thematic clusters based on bibliographic coupling and used co-citation analysis to outline the intellectual structure of CG-CSR research, forming the basis for future research directions using a representative sample from the Scopus database. Post-2007, there is a notable increase in publications focusing on corporate governance characteristics as determinants of CSR disclosure. Our findings reveal distinct thematic clusters in the field: “Institutional and Political Perspectives of Corporate Social Responsibility,” “Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Firm Performance,” “Quality of Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosures and Reporting,” and “Board Diversity and Corporate Social Performance.” We propose five prospective research trajectories, including the influence of board diversity on sustainable development goals (SDGs), theorizing triple bottom line (TBL), climate change, tensegrity of ESG, TBL, and SDGs, and disclosures, among others. This study directs scholarly attention to areas warranting further exploration in the evolving intersection of corporate governance and corporate social responsibility.