This study proposes a novel power limit control strategy for photovoltaic (PV) systems integrated with DC loads, aimed at ensuring load safety and maximizing the utilization of solar energy. The strategy employs a modified perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm, augmented with initial fluctuation mitigation and radiation prediction, to achieve adaptive power control and maintain maximum power point tracking (MPPT) under varying irradiance conditions. Comprehensive simulation results across diverse radiation scenarios validate the model’s stability and robustness, showcasing a 15% improvement in power output stability and a 20% reduction in response time compared to traditional P&O methods. The system also exhibits less than 2% power fluctuation under rapid irradiance changes. The proposed strategy demonstrates adaptability to various PV-connected load systems, thereby offering a valuable contribution to the advancement of renewable energy technologies.