The negotiations between Joseph Stalin and Chinese Foreign Minister Song Ziwen in mid-1945 were pivotal in shaping the future status of Mongolia. These discussions, which took place between June 30 and August 14, were primarily focused on securing China’s recognition of Mongolia’s independence, a critical issue for Stalin and a sensitive matter for the Chinese government. Stalin, emphasizing Mongolia’s strategic importance in countering Japan, insisted that the Mongolian People’s Republic (MPR) should remain separate from China, a stance reinforced at the Yalta Conference. Song Ziwen, on the other hand, sought to postpone the decision, viewing Mongolia’s independence as a loss of Chinese sovereignty. Despite Stalin’s repeated arguments regarding Mongolia’s unwillingness to reintegrate with China and the necessity of securing Soviet strategic positions, Song resisted immediate recognition, fearing political repercussions within China. The discussions ultimately resulted in an understanding that Mongolia’s status would be resolved, but its official recognition by China would be delayed until after Japan’s defeat. These negotiations played a crucial role in reinforcing Mongolia’s de facto independence and reflected the broader geopolitical realignment in East Asia following World War II.