The Yalta Conference of 1945 played a crucial role in resolving the issue of Mongolia’s independence. Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill negotiated key geopolitical matters, including the Soviet Union’s participation in the war against Japan. Stalin stipulated that the USSR would not engage in hostilities unless China recognized Mongolia’s independence. This condition, included in the Yalta agreements, provided an international legal basis for Mongolia’s sovereignty. The discussions reflected Stalin’s long-standing interest in Mongolia, dating back to 1932, and his strategic objectives in the Far East. Prior diplomatic exchanges, including those between Stalin and U.S. Ambassador Averell Harriman, had already outlined Soviet expectations for the post-war settlement. Following Roosevelt’s death, President Truman upheld the Yalta decisions, pressing China to accept the status quo in Mongolia. Diplomatic efforts, including U.S. interventions with Chiang Kai-shek and Soviet-Chinese negotiations, ultimately ensured Mongolia’s recognition. The Yalta agreements, influenced in part by U.S. Vice-President Henry Wallace’s prior visit to Mongolia, marked a turning point in the country’s political future, reinforcing Soviet influence while securing Mongolian sovereignty within the international order.