Herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides play a crucial role in managing weeds, pests, and diseases in modern agriculture. However, their use may have detrimental effects on the growth and development of crop plants and their ecosystem. The main objective of this chapter is to examine how herbicide, insecticide, and fungicide stress impact the growth and production of crop plant. It has been indicated that the use of these contaminants has a negative impact on crop productivity, nutrient uptake, hormone regulation, cell membrane integrity, and the ability to withstand drought conditions. Additionally, the impact of pesticide stress on crop yield performance and resistance to environmental stress is also discussed. Pesticides are harmful and resistant substances, and around 90% of the food one consume is exposed to herbicides. Having a thorough knowledge of herbicide, insecticide, and fungicide stress is crucial for creating sustainable agricultural practices that reduce pesticide usage while guaranteeing food safety. Strategies for reducing pesticide use encompass integrated pest management the cultivation of resistant crop varieties, conservation agriculture practices promoting beneficial insects and pollinators through habitat creation and diversification, and the development of biopesticides/organic pest control methods. Pesticides can lead to stress, oxidative stress, water stress, and disruption of the soil micro biome, nutrient deficiencies, resistance development, increased disease susceptibility, reduced seed quality, altered gene expression, soil residual effects, and some other negative impacts.